DOI: 10.5937/jaes0-32879
This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY 4.0
Volume 20 article 936 pages: 331-338
Self-compacting concrete is an innovative concrete technology with higher flowability properties by adding the mineral admixtures such as superplasticizers and not necessary to vibrate concrete. The banana fibers were used in this investigation because banana fiber is an environmentally friendly material with good properties compared to synthetic fiber. The experimental test consisted of two phases of research, i.e., preliminary research, which had the aim to investigate the appropriate percentage of superplasticizer in the mixed composition of self-compacting concrete. The percentages of superplasticizers were 0.7%, 1%, and 1.4%. The second phase of research on the effect of additional banana fiber on self-compacting concrete was carried out, examining workability, compressive strength, and the splitting tensile strength of concrete. In this research, the percentages of fiber were 0.12%, 0.3%, and 0.5% of the cement weight, and evaluated the effect of fiber treatment. The treated fibers mean that the fiber is immersed in NaOH solution or named as a delignification process. The hardened concrete specimen was used for determining the mechanical strengths, such as the compressive strength and split tensile strength tests. The test results found that the optimum value for superplasticizer dosage was 0.7% of cement weight, which can fulfill the whole criteria of fresh concrete and hardened SCC concrete. Furthermore, the specimen with the adding banana fiber of 0.12% by cement weight and treated fiber indicated a decrease in workability. Compared to the control concrete, it inversely increased compressive strength up to 44.36% and tensile strength up to 17.78%.
The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support of Lambung Mangkurat University, Banjarmasin, Indonesia, under the scheme of DWM Grant, the agreement letter-number 009.6/UN8.2/PL/2021.
1. Thirumalai, R.K., Murthi, P. (2015). Bagasse ash and rice husk ash as cement replacement in self-compacting con-crete. Gradevinar, vol. 67, no.1, 23–30, DOI: 10.14256/JCE.1114.2014.
2. Poongodi, K., Murthi, P., Awoyera, P.O., Gobinath, R. (2019). Effect of mineral admixtures on early age pro-perties of high performance concrete. IOP Conf. Series: Materials Science and Engineering 561, p.1-9.
3. Chopra, D., Siddique, R., Kunal. (2015). Strength permeability and micro-structure of self-compacting concrete containing rice husk ash. Biosystems Engineering, 130, 72–80. DOI: 10.1016/ j.biosystemseng.2014.12.005.
4. Wibowo, N.A. (2019). Designing of flow mortar design mix for self compacting concrete (SCC) with FWC = 0.4. Journal of The Civil Engineering Forum, vol. 5, no. 1, 39-45, DOI: 10.22 146/jcef.41014.
5. Eethar, T.D., Maysam, S.F.A. (2021). Effect of recycled materials and hybrid fibers on the properties of self-compacting concrete. Journal of Applied Engineering Science, vol. 19, no. 1, 262-269. DOI: 10.5937/jaes0-28558.
6. Chairunnisa, N., Fardheny, A.F. (2019). The study of flowability and the compressive strength of grout/mortar proportions for preplaced concrete aggregate (PAC). MATEC Web of Conferences 280. DOI: 10.1051/matec-conf /201928004010
7. Murali G., Abid S. R., Abdelgader, H.S., Amran Y.H.M., Shekarchi, M., Wilde K. (2021). Repeated projectile impact tests on multi-layered fibrous cementitious composites. International Journal of Civil Engineering, 19, 635-661. DOI: 10.1007/s40999-020-00595-4.
8. Haridharan, M.K., Matheswaran, S., Murali, G., Abid, S.R., Fediuk, R., Amran, Y.H.M., Abdelgader, H.S. (2020). Impact response of two-layered grouted aggregate fibrous concrete composite under falling mass impact. Construction and Building Materials, 263, DOI: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2020. 120628.
9. Abdelgader, H.S., Fediuk, R.S., Kurpinska, M., Khatib, J., Murali G., Baranov, A.V., Timokhin, R.A. (2019). Mechanical properties of two-stage con-crete modified by silica fume. Magazine of Civil Engineering, vol. 89, no. 5, 26–38. DOI: 10.18720/MCE.89.3.
10. Rajabi, A.M., Moaf, F.O., Abdelgader, H.S. (2020). Evaluation of mechanical properties of two-stage concrete and conventional concrete using nondestruc-tive tests. Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, vol. 32, no. 7, DOI: 10. 1061/(ASCE)MT.1943-5533.0003247.
11. Abdelgader, H.S. (1996). Effect of quantity of sand on the compressive strength of two-stage concrete. Magazine of Concrete Research, 1996, vol. 48, no. 177, 353-360. DOI: 10.1680/macr. 1996.48.177.353.
12. Abdelgader H.S. (1999). How to design concrete produced by a two-stage concreting method. Cement and Concrete Research, vol. 29, no. 3, 331-337, DOI: 10.1016/S0008-8846(98)00215-4.
13. Abdelgader, H. S., Górski, J. (2003). Stress-strain relations and modulus of elasticity of two-stage concrete. Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, vol. 15, no. 4, 329-334, DOI: 10.1061/ (ASCE)0899-1561(2003)15:4(329)
14. Dehn, F., Holschemacher, K., Weiße, D. (2000).Self-compacting concrete (SCC), time development of the material proper-ties and the bond behaviour. LACER, no. 5, 115-124.
15. Murthi, P., Awoyera, P., Selvaraj, P., Dharsana, D., Gobinath, R. (2018). Using silica mineral waste as aggregate in a green high strength concrete: workability, strength, failure mode, and morphology assessment. Australian Journal of Civil Engineering, vol. 16, no. 2,1-7. DOI: 10.1080/14488353.2018. 1472539
16. Persson, B. (2001). A comparison bet-ween mechanical properties of self-compacting concrete and the corres-ponding properties of normal concrete. Cement and Concrete Research, vol. 31, no. 2, 193-198, DOI: 10.1016/S0008-8846(00)00497-X.
17. Okamura, H., Ouchi, M. (2003). Self compacting concrete. Journal of Advan-ce Concrete Technology, vol. 1, no. 1, 5-15, DOI: 10.3151/jact.1.5
18. Rajesh, M., Pitchaimani, J., Rajini, N. (2016). Free vibration characteristics of banana/sisal natural fibers reinforced hybrid polymer composite beam. Proce-dia Engineering, 144, 1055-1059, 10.10 16/j.proeng.2016.05.056
19. May-Pat, A., González, A.V., Herrera-Franco, P.J. (2013). Effect of fiber surface treatments on the essential work of fracture of HDPE-continuous henequen fiber-reinforced composites. Polymer Testing, vol. 32, 1114–1122. DOI: 10.1016/j.polymertesting.2013.06. 006
20. Mukhopadhyay, S., Fangueiro, R., Yusuf, A., Şentürk, Ü. (2008). Banana fibers–variability and fracture behaviour. Journal of Engineering Fibers and Fabrics, vol. 3, no. 2. DOI: 10.1177/ 155892500800300207.
21. Mustafa, W.A., Saidi, S.A., Zainal, M., Santiagoo, R. (2018). A proposed compatibilizer materials on banana skin powder (BSP) composites using different temperature. Journal of Advance Research in Fluid Mechanics and Thermal Science, vol. 43, no. 1, 121–127.
22. Chandak, A., Agrawal, N., Thakur, D., Titiksh, A. (2016). Analysis of self compacting concrete using hybrid fibres. International Journal of Trend in Research and Development, vol. 3. No. 2, 641-645.
23. El-Nadoury, W.W. (2020). Applicability of using natural fibers for reinforcing concrete. IOP Conf. Series: Materials Science and Engineering 809. DOI:10.1088/1757-899X/809/1/012018
24. EFNARC. (2005). The European guideline for self compacting concrete. Specification. Production and Use.
25. Nurwidayati, R., Fardheny, A.F., Asyifha. (2021). Investigation on me-chanical properties of fiber reinforced concrete. IOP Conf. Series: Earth and Environmental Science, vol 758, no.1. DOI:10.1088/1755-1315/758/1/012016
26. Khan, M., Rahamathbaba, S., Mateen, M.A., Shankar, D.V.R., Hussain, M.M. (2019). Effect of NaOH treatment on mechanical strength of banana/epoxy laminates. Polymers from Renewable Resources, vol. 10, no. 1–3, 19–26, DOI: 10.1177/2041247919863626
27. Wijianto., Ibnu, R.M.D., Adityarini, H. (2019). Effect of NaOH concentration treatment on tensile strength, flexure strength and elasticity modulus of banana fiber reinforced. Material Science Forum, vol. 961, 10-15. DOI:10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.961.10
28. Jasbi, M.S., Hasani, H., Zadhoush, A., Safi, S. (2017). Effect of alkali treatment on mechanical properties of the green composites reinforced with milkweed fibers. The Journal of Textile Institute, vol. 109, no. 1, 24–31. DOI: 10.1080/ 00405000. 2017.1320816.
29. Chandrasekar, M., Ishak, M.R., Sapuan, S.M., Leman, Z., Jawaid, M. (2017). A review on the characterisation of natural fibres and their composites after alkali treatment and water absorption. Plastic, Rubber and Composites Macromolecular Engineering, vol. 46, no. 3, 119-136, DOI: 10.1080/1465801 1.2017.1298550.